منابع مشابه
Modeling the fate of down-the-drain chemicals in rivers: An improved software for GREAT-ER
GREAT-ER (Geography-referenced Regional Exposure Assessment Tool for European Rivers) is a model system for predicting chemical fate and exposure in surface waters. The GREAT-ER approach combines a series of well studied models (for sewers, waste water treatment plants and rivers) with spatial information managed by a GIS. A new version of GREAT-ER (version 2) has been developed which has a num...
متن کاملAn Approach for Prioritizing “Down-the-Drain” Chemicals Used in the Household
Many chemicals are present in cleaning and personal care products, which after use are washed down the drain and find their way into water bodies, where they may impact the environment. This study surveyed individuals to determine what products were used most in the home, in an attempt to prioritize which compounds may be of most concern. The survey resulted in the identification of 14 categori...
متن کامل"Down the drain": carbapenem-resistant bacteria in intensive care unit patients and handwashing sinks.
OBJECTIVES Clinical utility of carbapenem antibiotics is under threat because of the emergence of acquired metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes. We describe an outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU) possibly associated with contaminated sinks. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Four clusters of gram-negative bacteria harbouring the MBL gene blaIMP-4 were detected in the ICU at Dandenong Hospital b...
متن کاملReplacing Sources with Sinks: When Do Populations Go Down the Drain?
We investigate the scenario in which some amount of higher quality habitat is destroyed and is then replaced by some undetermined amount of lower quality habitat. We examined how much low-quality habitat would need to be created to maintain the equilibrium population abundance in the entire geographic area. Using a source–sink model, we find that (1) the number of hectares of created habitat pe...
متن کاملA Geo-referenced Fate Simulation Methodology for Aquatic Exposure Assessment of ‘down-the-drain’ Chemicals
In the GREAT-ER project (Geography-referenced Regional Exposure Assessment Tool for European Rivers) a refined exposure assessment method for ‘down-the-drain’ chemicals was developed. Real-world data are used, including spatial and temporal variability and uncertainty. The results are geo-referenced distributions of predicted environmental concentrations (PEC). To calculate these distributions,...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: British Dental Journal
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0007-0610,1476-5373
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2010.823